9 files changed, 101 insertions, 34 deletions

diff --git a/src/core/core.cpp b/src/core/core.cpp
index b7f4b4532..0ef6af3fe 100644
--- a/src/core/core.cpp
+++ b/src/core/core.cpp
@@ -101,8 +101,10 @@ System::ResultStatus System::Load(EmuWindow* emu_window, const std::string& file
                      static_cast<int>(system_mode.second));
 
         switch (system_mode.second) {
-        case Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorEncrypted:
-            return ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorEncrypted;
+        case Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorMissingKeys:
+            return ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorMissingKeys;
+        case Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorDecrypting:
+            return ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorDecrypting;
         case Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorInvalidFormat:
             return ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorInvalidFormat;
         case Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorUnsupportedArch:
@@ -126,8 +128,10 @@ System::ResultStatus System::Load(EmuWindow* emu_window, const std::string& file
         System::Shutdown();
 
         switch (load_result) {
-        case Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorEncrypted:
-            return ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorEncrypted;
+        case Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorMissingKeys:
+            return ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorMissingKeys;
+        case Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorDecrypting:
+            return ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorDecrypting;
         case Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorInvalidFormat:
             return ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorInvalidFormat;
         case Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorUnsupportedArch:
diff --git a/src/core/core.h b/src/core/core.h
index c123fe401..a90bff3df 100644
--- a/src/core/core.h
+++ b/src/core/core.h
@@ -43,12 +43,14 @@ public:
 
     /// Enumeration representing the return values of the System Initialize and Load process.
     enum class ResultStatus : u32 {
-        Success,                    ///< Succeeded
-        ErrorNotInitialized,        ///< Error trying to use core prior to initialization
-        ErrorGetLoader,             ///< Error finding the correct application loader
-        ErrorSystemMode,            ///< Error determining the system mode
-        ErrorLoader,                ///< Error loading the specified application
-        ErrorLoader_ErrorEncrypted, ///< Error loading the specified application due to encryption
+        Success,                      ///< Succeeded
+        ErrorNotInitialized,          ///< Error trying to use core prior to initialization
+        ErrorGetLoader,               ///< Error finding the correct application loader
+        ErrorSystemMode,              ///< Error determining the system mode
+        ErrorLoader,                  ///< Error loading the specified application
+        ErrorLoader_ErrorMissingKeys, ///< Error because the key/keys needed to run could not be
+                                      ///< found.
+        ErrorLoader_ErrorDecrypting,  ///< Error loading the specified application due to encryption
         ErrorLoader_ErrorInvalidFormat, ///< Error loading the specified application due to an
                                         /// invalid format
         ErrorSystemFiles,               ///< Error in finding system files
diff --git a/src/core/crypto/key_manager.cpp b/src/core/crypto/key_manager.cpp
index 33633de7e..678ac5752 100644
--- a/src/core/crypto/key_manager.cpp
+++ b/src/core/crypto/key_manager.cpp
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ std::array<u8, 32> operator""_array32(const char* str, size_t len) {
 
 KeyManager::KeyManager() {
     // Initialize keys
-    std::string hactool_keys_dir = FileUtil::GetHactoolConfigurationPath();
-    std::string yuzu_keys_dir = FileUtil::GetUserPath(FileUtil::UserPath::KeysDir);
+    const std::string hactool_keys_dir = FileUtil::GetHactoolConfigurationPath();
+    const std::string yuzu_keys_dir = FileUtil::GetUserPath(FileUtil::UserPath::KeysDir);
     if (Settings::values.use_dev_keys) {
         dev_mode = true;
         AttemptLoadKeyFile(yuzu_keys_dir, hactool_keys_dir, "dev.keys", false);
@@ -109,9 +109,9 @@ void KeyManager::LoadFromFile(std::string_view filename_, bool is_title_keys) {
 
 void KeyManager::AttemptLoadKeyFile(std::string_view dir1_, std::string_view dir2_,
                                     std::string_view filename_, bool title) {
-    std::string dir1(dir1_);
-    std::string dir2(dir2_);
-    std::string filename(filename_);
+    const std::string dir1(dir1_);
+    const std::string dir2(dir2_);
+    const std::string filename(filename_);
     if (FileUtil::Exists(dir1 + DIR_SEP + filename))
         LoadFromFile(dir1 + DIR_SEP + filename, title);
     else if (FileUtil::Exists(dir2 + DIR_SEP + filename))
@@ -146,6 +146,23 @@ void KeyManager::SetKey(S256KeyType id, Key256 key, u64 field1, u64 field2) {
     s256_keys[{id, field1, field2}] = key;
 }
 
+bool KeyManager::KeyFileExists(bool title) {
+    const std::string hactool_keys_dir = FileUtil::GetHactoolConfigurationPath();
+    const std::string yuzu_keys_dir = FileUtil::GetUserPath(FileUtil::UserPath::KeysDir);
+    if (title) {
+        return FileUtil::Exists(hactool_keys_dir + DIR_SEP + "title.keys") ||
+               FileUtil::Exists(yuzu_keys_dir + DIR_SEP + "title.keys");
+    }
+
+    if (Settings::values.use_dev_keys) {
+        return FileUtil::Exists(hactool_keys_dir + DIR_SEP + "dev.keys") ||
+               FileUtil::Exists(yuzu_keys_dir + DIR_SEP + "dev.keys");
+    }
+
+    return FileUtil::Exists(hactool_keys_dir + DIR_SEP + "prod.keys") ||
+           FileUtil::Exists(yuzu_keys_dir + DIR_SEP + "prod.keys");
+}
+
 const std::unordered_map<std::string, KeyIndex<S128KeyType>> KeyManager::s128_file_id = {
     {"master_key_00", {S128KeyType::Master, 0, 0}},
     {"master_key_01", {S128KeyType::Master, 1, 0}},
diff --git a/src/core/crypto/key_manager.h b/src/core/crypto/key_manager.h
index c09a6197e..03152a12c 100644
--- a/src/core/crypto/key_manager.h
+++ b/src/core/crypto/key_manager.h
@@ -102,6 +102,8 @@ public:
     void SetKey(S128KeyType id, Key128 key, u64 field1 = 0, u64 field2 = 0);
     void SetKey(S256KeyType id, Key256 key, u64 field1 = 0, u64 field2 = 0);
 
+    static bool KeyFileExists(bool title);
+
 private:
     std::unordered_map<KeyIndex<S128KeyType>, Key128> s128_keys;
     std::unordered_map<KeyIndex<S256KeyType>, Key256> s256_keys;
diff --git a/src/core/file_sys/content_archive.cpp b/src/core/file_sys/content_archive.cpp
index cb59c0a2b..2deb727cc 100644
--- a/src/core/file_sys/content_archive.cpp
+++ b/src/core/file_sys/content_archive.cpp
@@ -156,9 +156,9 @@ NCA::NCA(VirtualFile file_) : file(std::move(file_)) {
             encrypted = true;
         } else {
             if (!keys.HasKey(Core::Crypto::S256KeyType::Header))
-                status = Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorEncrypted;
+                status = Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorMissingKeys;
             else
-                status = Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorInvalidFormat;
+                status = Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorDecrypting;
             return;
         }
     }
@@ -194,6 +194,9 @@ NCA::NCA(VirtualFile file_) : file(std::move(file_)) {
             if (dec != nullptr) {
                 files.emplace_back();
                 romfs = files.back();
+            } else {
+                status = Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorMissingKeys;
+                return;
             }
         } else if (section.raw.header.filesystem_type == NCASectionFilesystemType::PFS0) {
             u64 offset = (static_cast<u64>(header.section_tables[i].media_offset) *
@@ -211,6 +214,9 @@ NCA::NCA(VirtualFile file_) : file(std::move(file_)) {
                     if (IsDirectoryExeFS(dirs.back()))
                         exefs = dirs.back();
                 }
+            } else {
+                status = Loader::ResultStatus::ErrorMissingKeys;
+                return;
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/core/loader/loader.h b/src/core/loader/loader.h
index dc8d28311..cd8b41bb6 100644
--- a/src/core/loader/loader.h
+++ b/src/core/loader/loader.h
@@ -73,7 +73,8 @@ enum class ResultStatus {
     ErrorNotUsed,
     ErrorAlreadyLoaded,
     ErrorMemoryAllocationFailed,
-    ErrorEncrypted,
+    ErrorMissingKeys,
+    ErrorDecrypting,
     ErrorUnsupportedArch,
 };
 
diff --git a/src/core/loader/xci.cpp b/src/core/loader/xci.cpp
index 74940fb83..d757862f0 100644
--- a/src/core/loader/xci.cpp
+++ b/src/core/loader/xci.cpp
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ ResultStatus AppLoader_XCI::Load(Kernel::SharedPtr<Kernel::Process>& process) {
     }
 
     if (xci->GetNCAFileByType(FileSys::NCAContentType::Program) == nullptr) {
-        return ResultStatus::ErrorEncrypted;
+        return ResultStatus::ErrorDecrypting;
     }
 
     auto result = nca_loader->Load(process);
diff --git a/src/yuzu/main.cpp b/src/yuzu/main.cpp
index c274e5e2b..5bdf41ea4 100644
--- a/src/yuzu/main.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/main.cpp
@@ -425,18 +425,49 @@ bool GMainWindow::LoadROM(const QString& filename) {
                                   tr("Could not determine the system mode."));
             break;
 
-        case Core::System::ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorEncrypted: {
+        case Core::System::ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorMissingKeys: {
+            const auto reg_found = Core::Crypto::KeyManager::KeyFileExists(false);
+            const auto title_found = Core::Crypto::KeyManager::KeyFileExists(true);
+
+            std::string file_text;
+
+            if (!reg_found && !title_found) {
+                file_text = "A proper key file (prod.keys, dev.keys, or title.keys) could not be "
+                            "found. You will need to dump your keys from your switch to continue.";
+            } else if (reg_found && title_found) {
+                file_text =
+                    "Both key files were found in your config directory, but the correct key could"
+                    "not be found. You may be missing a titlekey or general key, depending on "
+                    "the game.";
+            } else if (reg_found) {
+                file_text =
+                    "The regular keys file (prod.keys/dev.keys) was found in your config, but the "
+                    "titlekeys file (title.keys) was not. You are either missing the correct "
+                    "titlekey or missing a general key required to decrypt the game.";
+            } else {
+                file_text = "The title keys file (title.keys) was found in your config, but "
+                            "the regular keys file (prod.keys/dev.keys) was not. Unfortunately, "
+                            "having the titlekey is not enough, you need additional general keys "
+                            "to properly decrypt the game. You should double-check to make sure "
+                            "your keys are correct.";
+            }
+
+            QMessageBox::critical(
+                this, tr("Error while loading ROM!"),
+                tr(("The game you are trying to load is encrypted and the required keys to load "
+                    "the game could not be found in your configuration. " +
+                    file_text + " Please refer to <a href=''>How to Dump Keys</a> for help.")
+                       .c_str()));
+            break;
+        }
+        case Core::System::ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorDecrypting: {
             QMessageBox::critical(
                 this, tr("Error while loading ROM!"),
-                tr("The game that you are trying to load must be decrypted before being used with "
-                   "yuzu. A real Switch is required.<br/><br/>"
-                   "For more information on dumping and decrypting games, please see the following "
-                   "wiki pages: <ul>"
-                   "<li><a href='https://yuzu-emu.org/wiki/dumping-game-cartridges/'>Dumping Game "
-                   "Cartridges</a></li>"
-                   "<li><a href='https://yuzu-emu.org/wiki/dumping-installed-titles/'>Dumping "
-                   "Installed Titles</a></li>"
-                   "</ul>"));
+                tr("There was a general error while decrypting the game. This means that the keys "
+                   "necessary were found, but were either incorrect, the game itself was not a "
+                   "valid game or the game uses an unhandled cryptographic scheme. Please refer to "
+                   "<a href=''>How to Dump Keys</a> to double check that you have the correct "
+                   "keys."));
             break;
         }
         case Core::System::ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorInvalidFormat:
diff --git a/src/yuzu_cmd/yuzu.cpp b/src/yuzu_cmd/yuzu.cpp
index 97a8e13f0..5970cdb4e 100644
--- a/src/yuzu_cmd/yuzu.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu_cmd/yuzu.cpp
@@ -173,11 +173,15 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv) {
     case Core::System::ResultStatus::ErrorLoader:
         LOG_CRITICAL(Frontend, "Failed to load ROM!");
         return -1;
-    case Core::System::ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorEncrypted:
-        LOG_CRITICAL(Frontend, "The game that you are trying to load must be decrypted before "
-                               "being used with yuzu. \n\n For more information on dumping and "
-                               "decrypting games, please refer to: "
-                               "https://yuzu-emu.org/wiki/dumping-game-cartridges/");
+    case Core::System::ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorMissingKeys:
+        LOG_CRITICAL(Frontend, "The game you are trying to load is encrypted and the keys required "
+                               "could not be found. Please refer to <LINK> for help");
+        return -1;
+    case Core::System::ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorDecrypting:
+        LOG_CRITICAL(Frontend, "The game you are trying to load is encrypted and there was a "
+                               "general error while decrypting. This could mean that the keys are "
+                               "incorrect, game is invalid or game uses an unsupported method of "
+                               "crypto. Please refer to <LINK> to double-check your keys");
         return -1;
     case Core::System::ResultStatus::ErrorLoader_ErrorInvalidFormat:
         LOG_CRITICAL(Frontend, "Error while loading ROM: The ROM format is not supported.");