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diff --git a/eclass/version.eclass b/eclass/version.eclass
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+# Copyright 2023
+# Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License v2
+
+# @ECLASS: version.eclass
+# @MAINTAINER:
+# Ryan Qian <i@bitbili.net>
+# @AUTHOR:
+# Ryan Qian <i@bitbili.net>
+# @SUPPORTED_EAPIS: 7 8
+# @BLURB: functions to handle the version number
+# @DESCRIPTION:
+# This eclass provides functions to handle the version number.
+
+if [[ -z ${_ECLASS_VERSION} ]]; then
+_ECLASS_VERSION=1
+
+# @ECLASS_VARIABLE: VERSION_COMPARED_PARTS
+# @DESCRIPTION:
+# the version parts to compare, default is the full parts,
+# avaliable values are:
+#   major  # major parts
+#   minor  # major and minor parts
+#   patch  # major, minor and patch parts
+#   full   # major, minor, patch and pre-release parts
+VERSION_COMPARED_PARTS="full"
+
+# @FUNCTION: _version_compare_ver
+# @INTERNAL
+# @DESCRIPTION:
+# _version_compare_ver sub function
+_version_compare_ver() {
+	debug-print-function "${FUNCNAME}" "${@}"
+
+	local v0=${1} v1=${2} is_num=1 res=
+	if [[ ! ${v0} =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] || [[ ! ${v1} =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]]; then
+		is_num=0
+		: "${v0/-1/\\/}"
+		: "${v1/-1/\\/}"
+	fi
+	if [[ ${is_num} == 1 ]]; then
+		if (( ${v0} > ${v1} )); then
+			res="g"
+		elif (( ${v0} == ${v1} )); then
+			res="e"
+		elif (( ${v0} < ${v1} )); then
+			res="l"
+		fi
+	else
+		if [[ ${v0} > ${v1} ]]; then
+			res="g"
+		elif [[ ${v0} == ${v1} ]]; then
+			res="e"
+		elif [[ ${v0} < ${v1} ]]; then
+			res="l"
+		fi
+	fi
+	echo -n "${res}"
+}
+
+# @FUNCTION: _version_compare
+# @INTERNAL
+# @DESCRIPTION:
+# _version_compare sub function
+_version_compare() {
+	debug-print-function "${FUNCNAME}" "${@}"
+
+	local v0 v1 vv0 vv1 len _len res
+	OIFS=$IFS; IFS="."
+	v0=(${1}) v1=(${2})
+	IFS=$OIFS
+	if [[ ${#v0[@]} -ge ${#v1[@]} ]]; then
+		len=${#v0[@]}
+	else
+		len=${#v1[@]}
+	fi
+	case $VERSION_COMPARED_PARTS in
+		major)
+			_len=1
+			;;
+		minor)
+			_len=2
+			;;
+		patch)
+			_len=3
+			;;
+	esac
+	if [[ -n $_len && $_len -lt $len ]]; then
+		len=$_len
+	fi
+	for (( i=0; i<${len}; i++ )); do
+		vv0=${v0[$i]:--1}
+		vv1=${v1[$i]:--1}
+		res=$(_version_compare_ver ${vv0} ${vv1})
+		if [[ ${res} != "e" ]]; then
+			break
+		fi
+	done
+	echo -n "${res}"
+}
+
+# @FUNCTION: version_compare
+# @USAGE: g|ge|l|le|e STRING0 STRING1
+# @DESCRIPTION:
+# Compare the version numbers contained in the two strings to determine their precedence
+# according to the specifications defined in https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html
+# The build metadata will be ignored.
+#
+# The prefixed package name will be removed automatically if exists.
+#
+# options:
+#
+#   g:      compare if the version contained in STRING0 is greater than the version in STRING1
+#   ge:     compare if the version contained in STRING0 is greater than or equal to the version in STRING1
+#   l:      compare if the version contained in STRING0 is less than the version in STRING1
+#   le      compare if the version contained in STRING0 is less than or equal to the version in STRING1
+#   e:      compare if the version contained in STRING0 is equal to the version in STRING1
+#
+# The return code is
+#
+#   0:      when the above comparison holds
+#   1:      when the above comparison does not hold
+#
+version_compare() {
+	debug-print-function "${FUNCNAME}" "${@}"
+
+	local LC_ALL=C
+	local action result
+	case ${1} in
+		g|ge|l|le|e)
+			action="${1}"
+			;;
+		*)
+			die "unexpected argument '${1}'"
+			;;
+	esac
+	shift
+
+	local -a str0 str1
+	local str0_pkgname str0_ver str0_pre
+	local str1_pkgname str1_ver str1_pre
+
+	OIFS=$IFS; IFS="-"
+	str0=( ${1} ) str1=( ${2} )
+	IFS=$OIFS
+
+	for _str in "str0" "str1"; do
+		local _strA="${_str}[@]" _strV="${_str}_ver" _strP="${_str}_pre" _strN="${_str}_pkgname"
+		for _s in "${!_strA}"; do
+			if [[ -n ${!_strV} ]]; then
+				eval "${_str}_pre=\"${_s}\""
+			elif [[ ${_s} =~ ^[vV]?[0-9]+\.? ]]; then
+				_s="${_s#v}"
+				eval "${_str}_ver=\"${_s#V}\""
+			else
+				if [[ -n ${!_strN} ]]; then
+					eval "${_str}_pkgname+=\"-\""
+				fi
+				eval "${_str}_pkgname+=\"${_s}\""
+			fi
+		done
+	done
+
+	if [[ ${str0_pkgname} != ${str1_pkgname} ]]; then
+		die "compare with different package names '${str0_pkgname}', '${str1_pkgname}'"
+	fi
+
+	result=$(_version_compare ${str0_ver} ${str1_ver})
+	if [[ ${result} == "e" ]]; then
+		result=$(_version_compare ${str0_pre:-zzzz} ${str1_pre:-zzzz})
+	fi
+
+	if [[ ${result} =~ [${action}] ]]; then
+		return 0
+	else
+		return 1
+	fi
+}
+
+# @FUNCTION: version_make_range
+# @USAGE: CURRENT_RANGE NEW_CONDITION
+# @DESCRIPTION:
+# create a version range through the NEW_CONDITION
+# input format:
+#   CURRENT_RANGE: ">[=] version-str <[=] version-str"
+#   NEW_CONDITION: "(>|<)[=] version-str"
+# output:
+#   NEW_RANGE: ">[=] version-str <[=] version-str"
+version_make_range() {
+	debug-print-function "${FUNCNAME}" "${@}"
+
+	if [[ -z $2 ]]; then
+		die "no new condition provided"
+	fi
+
+	local oS vS oE vE o v equal replace
+	read -r oS vS oE vE <<<"$1"
+	read -r o v <<<"$2"
+	if [[ ! $o =~ ^[\>\<]=?$ ]] || ! version_is_valid $v; then
+		die "wrong format of the new condition"
+	fi
+	if [[ ${o:1:1} == "=" ]]; then
+		equal=1
+	fi
+	case ${o:0:1} in
+		">")
+			if [[ -z $oS ]]; then
+				replace=1
+			elif [[ ${oS:1:1} == "=" ]] && \
+				version_compare ge $v $vS; then
+				replace=1
+			else
+				if [[ -n $equal ]] && \
+					version_compare g $v $vS; then
+					replace=1
+				elif version_compare ge $v $vS; then
+					replace=1
+				fi
+			fi
+			if [[ -n $replace ]]; then
+				oS=$o
+				vS=$v
+			fi
+			;;
+		"<")
+			if [[ -z $oE ]]; then
+				replace=1
+			elif [[ ${oE:1:1} == "=" ]] && \
+				version_compare le $v $vE; then
+				replace=1
+			else
+				if [[ -n $equal ]] && \
+					version_compare le $v $vE; then
+					replace=1
+				elif version_compare l $v $vE; then
+					replace=1
+				fi
+			fi
+			if [[ -n $replace ]]; then
+				oE=$o
+				vE=$v
+			fi
+			;;
+	esac
+
+	echo -n "${oS:->=} ${vS:-0} ${oE:-<=} ${vE:-9999}"
+}
+
+# @FUNCTION: version_is_valid
+# @USAGE: version-str
+# @DESCRIPTION:
+# check the version-str is a valid semantic version
+version_is_valid() {
+	# TODO
+	:
+}
+
+fi